From:
Sukie Crandall
Date: 2005-11-09 17:48:52 UTC
Subject: [ferrethealth] Some of the causes of delayed eye opening
To: ferrethealth@smartgroups.com
Okay, I am looking up articles by searching on "delayed eye opening".
There are, of course, experiments where it was prevented for one eye
and then the vision checked (rabbits so far in searching, but I know
-- for certain -- of such research having happened in both cats and
ferrets because I university chose to not permit someone who had done
that research in cats as a visiting professor and I was among those
friends who a dean involved in the choice talked with beforehand to
get a feeling of how the general community might react, and also I
have run into such studies in ferrets). In those studies with
abstracts that I have read so far the later opened eye had worse
vision. (There are questions how much a person might notice that in
a ferrets, though, since people are often surprised to learn on exams
that their ferrets have little vision, and three recent studies
showing three types of visual deprivation in albinos compared to
standard markings took so many by surprise.)
Here is a dietary toxin exposure study in rats:
BEGIN QUOTE
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Mar 12;67(5):385-95.
Related Articles, Links
Effects of perinatal simultaneous exposure to tributyltin (TBT) and
p,p'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene) on male
offspring of Wistar rats.
Makita Y, Omura M, Ogata R.
Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu
University, Fukuoka, Japan. ymakita@eisei.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
p,p'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene; DDE] and
tributyltin (TBT) are ubiquitous in the environment and in Japan were
shown to bioaccumulate in marine products. Thus these chemicals serve
as a source of contaminant in the mammalian food chain. Fetuses and
neonates through maternal ingestion may be exposed to DDE and TBT.
Therefore, the effects of concurrent exposure to DDE and TBT were
investigated in male Wistar rat offspring of dams ingesting these two
contaminants. In this study, TBT suppressed the growth and delayed
eye opening. However, both growth retardation and delayed eye opening
produced by TBT failed to occur in the presence of DDE. Unexpectedly,
the prostate weight of male rat offspring was significantly reduced
with the administration of TBT but restored in the presence of DDE.
These results indicate that TBT and DDE affected the development of
male rat offspring following maternal exposure, and simultaneous
administration of DDE prevented some of the observed effects of TBT,
especially of an antagonistic nature, through a mechanism, still to
be determined.
PMID: 14718175 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
END QUOTE
Maybe it would be interesting to know if the diet used by your friend
was high in marine protein sources. Kibbles vary quite widely.
Here is a glaucoma medication linked to delayed eye opening (in rats):
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/travoprost_wcp.htm
This kidney medication also causes delayed eye opening (in rats):
http://www.drugs.com/pdr/LANTHANUM_CARBONATE.html
So can this pollutant:
BEGIN QUOTE
NEUROTOXICOLOGY
Early Developmental Neurotoxicity of a PCB/Organochlorine Mixture in
Rodents after Gestational and Lactational Exposure
Wayne J. Bowers*,1, Jamie S. Nakai*, Ih Chu*, Michael G. Wade*, David
Moir*, Al Yagminas*, Santokh Gill, Olga Pulido and Rudi Meuller
Systemic Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics Section, Healthy
Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, and
Toxicology Research Division, Health Products and Foods Branch,
Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0L2, Canada
Received July 9, 2003; accepted September 12, 2003
END QUOTE
I am actually looking at 10 pages coming up in Google search so there
could be a range of things. In a non-technical site fluoridated
pesticides exposures of pregnant animals (type(s)?) were listed but I
have not found the research paper, so take with a larger grain of
salt till then.
It looks like many things can caused delayed eye opening, including
many medications for a wide range to medical problems.
Quinine doing that (also delaying teeth and doing more):
http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v26je05.htm
Low dopamine levels (so this might be a genetic cause, but this one
could have serious consequences):
>Robertson, D.; Goldberg, M. R.; Onrot, J.; Hollister, A. S.; Wiley,
R.; Thompson, J. G., Jr.; Robertson, R. M.:
>Isolated failure of autonomic noradrenergic neurotransmission:
evidence for impaired beta-hydroxylation of dopamine. >New Eng. J.
Med. 314: 1494-1497, 1986.
>Robertson et al. (1986) described a patient with isolated failure
of autonomic noradrenergic neurotransmission caused >by a defect in
the beta-hydroxylation of dopamine in peripheral nerves. Clinical
features included orthostatic >hypotension, ptosis, nasal stuffiness,
and a neonatal history of delayed eye opening.
http://www.fosrenol.com/prescribingInfo.pdf
http://www.aranesp.com/professional/prescribing_information.jsp
Vitamin E supplementation caused delayed eye opening in about 1/2
percent of the offspring in study mentioned here:
http://www.cognis.com/veris/ResearchSummary/oralvite.htm
perhaps some individuals have a stronger response to supplementation
of E. E is used as a preservative in some foods and treats, and is
also present in some supplements.
BUT that does not mean that preservatives should be vilified, because
one of the nasty fungal things that start in food causes delayed eye
opening and worse:
http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/53/2/392
(and more)
Nicotine, ethanol:
http://www.hvsimage.com/papers/PMID-%2011325407.htm
Again, I do NOT recall those breeders having encountered any other
problems in those individuals. How did the ones from the breeder you
know work out, Chris?
Does anyone know if Angora Ferrets have delayed eye opening? I do
NOT know if this is the genetic thing seen in them. This is from
mice, but the fur mention caught my eye:
http://andy.emma.cnr.it/jEmma/strains/strain_736.utf8.html
Strain Cc-1
>Genetic background : C3HeB/FeJ
>Phenotype description: hair texture abnormalities (abnormal
appearance of the fur, waved) and eye development >abnormalities
(delayed eye opening)
>Genetic description: unknown
>Original Producer: Herault Yann.
(BTW, some of the meds that cause it also cause more pigment to be
laid down in eyes.)
I could go on and on. There are pages after pages of causes of
delayed eye opening coming up. It is weird that there has never been
a discussion here about it since there are so very, very many causes.
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