From:
Sukie Crandall
Date: 2006-07-21 15:57:31 UTC
Subject: [ferrethealth] Re: ? regarding the safety of ferretone
To: ferrethealth@smartgroups.com
I find it hard to even imagine a source of fatty acids causing dry
skin, and no references come up for that as a research article on
Pubmed which is a highly reputable source of veterinary, medical, and
related studies. Pubmed can be found at
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi
Please, feel free to continue my search in that expert location.
Here are some other places to find reputable information from actual
experts:
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/list_foodborne.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/foodborneinfections_g.htm
(by cross-referencing with places like the FHL Archives it is
possible to get a feeling for which of these ferrets also get (such
as E. coli, salmonella, and Campylobacter*) since some ferret foods
are made from human grade foodstuffs, notice also in the section on
changes that some other bad results of food poisoning now having been
proven by studies:
>For example, we now know that the Guillain-Barre syndrome can
>be caused by Campylobacter infection, and that the most common
>cause of acute kidney failure in children, hemolytic uremic syndrome,
>is caused by infection with E. coli O157:H7 and related bacteria.
and notice the comments that more are expected to be found)
http://science.uniserve.edu.au/school/curric/stage6/snrsci/
presadds.html (mixed links, some expert but some not)
Often when a site villainizes an item like a preservative there is a
tendency to cite false references or old ones -- sometimes very old
ones as I found the first time I looked at these locations. Often
what is put up is only a very narrow part of what was found rather
than the full picture. Usually, sites which demonize an item contain
pure conjecture mixed in. It is also common for such sites to behave
as if things which can not be generalized across species can be.
Remember why preservatives are used. They stop growths such a
bacterial and fungal growths in the food items, and those growths too
often are themselves dangerous (infection, organ damage, death if
severe enough, and some of those growths can set the stage for
malignancies). By stopping growths they also prevent the dangerous
products some growths create (poisoning, organ damage, induced
insanity for some of the toxins, death if severe enough, and some of
the toxins set the stage for malignancies).
Have some preservatives been associated with increased rates of some
specific malignancies in NON-ferret animals when given in huge
amounts? Yes. Have at least some of the SAME preservatives been
associated with reduced (yes, reduced) rates of other malignancies in
those same studies and others? Yes. Do the preservatives themselves
help prevent malignancies through their preservation effect? Yes.
That means that it is essential to not only consider the degrees of
exposures involved but also to see if the types of malignancies are
even applicable to ferrets. Is it always safe to generalize from
rodent studies to ferret health? No, not by a long shot. Rodents
are more closely related to primates, including us humans than they
are to members of Carnivora. You can find such information in Pubmed,
Have any of the preservatives talked about on various sites recently
been formally studied in ferrets? Try looking up the compound along
with the word ferret or the word mustela in places like Pubmed. The
closest you will find is a study on carotinoids (You know, the
compound in carrots) in "Analysis of carotenoids in human and animal
tissues" so it was probably just mentioned as the preservative but i
don't have the article itself, and that was the only study involving
ferrets and BHT, Butylated Hydroxytoluene found. Meanwhile, there
are none for ferrets and BHA (Butylated Hydroxyanisole), none for
ferrets and ethoxyquin, and none for Propyl Gallate and ferrets.]
*This may be of zoonotic interest, too:
Done for human data, but there is useful ferret data here:
> Infect Immun. 2006 Jan;74(1):769-72.
> A sigma28-regulated nonflagella gene contributes to virulence of
> Campylobacter jejuni 81-176.
> Goon S, Ewing CP, Lorenzo M, Pattarini D, Majam G, Guerry P.
> Enteric Diseases Dept., Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert
> Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
>
> A Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 mutant in Cj0977 was fully motile but
> reduced >3 logs compared to the parent in invasion of intestinal
> epithelial cells in vitro. The mutant was also attenuated in a
> ferret diarrheal disease model. Expression of Cj0977 protein was
> dependent on a minimal flagella structure.
-- Sukie (not a vet, and not speaking for any of the below in my
private posts)
Recommended health resources to help ferrets and the people who love
them:
Ferret Health List
http://www.smartgroups.com/groups/ferrethealth
FHL Archives
http://ferrethealth.org/archive/
AFIP Ferret Pathology
http://www.afip.org/ferrets/index.html
Miamiferrets
http://www.miamiferret.org/fhc/
International Ferret Congress Critical References
http://www.ferretcongress.org
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