From:
"Sukie Crandall"
Date: 2007-05-13 21:30:27 UTC
Subject: [ferrethealth] Re: salmonella and e. coli
To: ferrethealth@yahoogroups.com
BEGIN QUOTES
J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Dec;42(12):5904-8.
Characterization of hemolytic Escherichia coli strains in ferrets: recognition of candidate
virulence factor CNF1.
Marini RP, Taylor NS, Liang AY, Knox KA, Pena JA, Schauer DB, Fox JG.
Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
02139, USA.
Diseases associated with Escherichia coli infection are the subject of renewed interest due
to emerging conditions such as hemolytic uremia syndrome. A collection of 15 strains of
beta-hemolytic E. coli was isolated from diarrheic feces and diseased tissues of ferrets. All
15 strains were positive in specific PCR assays for the presence of hlyA, pap1, and cnf1.
Seven of the cnf1-positive isolates were tested and shown to have a cytopathic effect on
HeLa cell monolayers. The pathogenesis of these strains warrants future study.
PMID: 15583337 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
[free full text article:
http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/full/42/12/5904?view=long&pmid=15583337 ]
J Infect Dis. 2002 Feb 15;185(4):550-4. Epub 2002 Jan 22.
Ferrets as a model system for renal disease secondary to intestinal infection with
Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli.
Woods JB, Schmitt CK, Darnell SC, Meysick KC, O'Brien AD.
Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda,
Maryland 20814-4799, USA.
Ferrets were evaluated as a possible small animal model for the development of colitis
and/or signs of the hemolytic uremic syndrome after oral infection with Escherichia coli
O157:H7 or other Shiga toxin--producing E. coli (STEC). Ferrets treated with streptomycin
(Stm) had higher counts of E. coli O157:H7 strain 86-24 Stm-resistant (Stm(r)) or O91:H21
strain B2F1 Stm(r) in their stools than non--Stm-treated animals. None of the animals
displayed evidence of colitis, but Stm-treated animals fed strain 86-24 Stm(r) exhibited
weight loss significantly greater than that exhibited by ferrets fed an isogenic mutant
negative for the adhesin intimin. Moreover, 11 (23%) of the 47 Stm-treated ferrets
inoculated with 86-24 Stm(r) or B2F1 Stm(r) developed hematuria and/or histological
damage to glomeruli or thrombocytopenia, compared with 0 of 14 uninfected control
animals receiving Stm in water. Thus, the ferret may serve as a model for renal disease
secondary to intestinal infection with STEC.
PMID: 11865409 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Wildl Dis. 2001 Jul;37(3):617-20.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in captive black-footed ferrets.
Bradley GA, Orr K, Reggiardo C, Glock RD.
Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson
85705, USA. gabrad@ag.arizona.edu
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli with genes for heat stabile toxins Sta and STb was isolated
from the gastrointestinal tract and multiple visceral organs of three adult and three
juvenile black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) that died in a captive breeding colony
between 24 May 1998 and 2 July 1998. Similar isolates were obtained from rectal swabs of
one adult and one juvenile that were clinically ill. All were fed a diet composed of mink
chow, raw rabbit meat, beef liver powder, blood meal and lard. Escherichia coli of the
same toxin genotype was isolated from the mixed ration. Clinical signs included sudden
death, dehydration, anorexia and diarrhea. Necropsy lesions included acute enteritis with
large numbers of rod shaped bacteria microscopically visible on intestinal villi.
PMID: 11504237 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
[The full text for free:
http://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/reprint/37/3/617 ]
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983 Dec 1;183(11):1179-81.
Links
Mastitis caused by hemolytic Escherichia coli in the ferret.
Liberson AJ, Newcomer CE, Ackerman JI, Murphy JC, Fox JG.
Hemolytic Escherichia coli was isolated from the mammary glands of 8 ferrets with
gangrenous mastitis. Clinical signs included firm swelling of one or more mammary glands
and discoloration of the overlying skin. Peracute disease and acute septicemia were
observed, and in some cases the animals rapidly became moribund. Antibiotic therapy
alone did not alter the course of the disease. Wide surgical resection of the involved
glands in combination with systemic antibiotic therapy (ampicillin 10 mg/kg, BID, and
gentamicin 5 mg/kg, SID) was the most successful treatment. Histopathologic changes
included extensive edema, hemorrhage, and necrosis, with a mixed leukocytic infiltrate
and large numbers of bacteria. The agent of this disease was isolated from rectal swab
specimens from clinically normal ferrets as well as ferrets that had mastitis.
PMID: 6358164 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
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You can find more on the various presentations on E. coli in ferrets in PubMed.
BEGIN QUOTES
Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol. 1992 Nov-Dec;28(6):678-84.
Links
[The fever reaction of the polecat Mustela putorius x Mustela putorius furo to a bacterial
pyrogen: the hypo- and hyperthermic phases]
[Article in Russian]
Romanovskii AA, Karman EK, Gurin VN.
It has been demonstrated that the ferret (Mustela putorius x Mustela putorius furo)
responds to intramuscular injection of Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide (30 ng/kg-100
micrograms/kg) by biphasic change in the body temperature (Tb): the initial decrease in
the latter is followed by hyperthermia. Maximum rise in Tb (1.6 +/- 0.1 degrees C) was
observed after the injection of lipopolysaccharide in the highest dose. Rabbit leucocytic
pyrogen/interleukin-1 (1 ml from 3.5 x 10(7) peritoneal phagocytes, 3 ml/kg) induces a
pronounced (1.1 +/- 0.3 degrees C) decrease in Tb. Mechanisms of hypothermic effects of
pyrogens are discussed. The described pattern (hypothermia-hyperthermia) of Tb
response to lipopolysaccharide in the ferret presumably reflects the central
thermoregulatory process which is the same for different changes in Tb during fever.
PMID: 1302417 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Bacteriol. 1948 Mar;55(3):419-20.
The Isolation of Salmonella typhi-murium from Ferrets.
Morris JA, Coburn DR.
Research Section of the Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Department of Interior, Laurel,
Maryland.
PMID: 16561473 [PubMed]
[free full text:
http://jb.asm.org/cgi/reprint/55/3/419?view=long&pmid=16561473 ]
_Biology and Diseases of the Ferret, 2nd edition_ has detailed info and some of it is quoted
in the FHL Archives at
http://ferrethealth.org/archive/
. Believe it of not you can actually read bits of that vet text on-line. Go to Google.com
and use the book search option.
When you get to it open
Bacterial
page 321 wtih a click.
Oh, well, that won't work for those of you who don't have the text. The sample only
includes actinomycosis and part of botulism.
Sukie (not a vet)
Recommended ferret health links:
http://pets.groups.yahoo.com/group/ferrethealth/
http://ferrethealth.org/archive/
http://www.afip.org/ferrets/index.html
http://www.miamiferret.org/fhc/
http://www.ferretcongress.org/
http://www.trifl.org/index.shtml
http://homepage.mac.com/sukie/sukiesferretlinks.html
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