From:
"Tressie"
Date: 2011-03-30 00:17:28 UTC
Subject: [ferrethealth] Re: Non-Regenerative Anemia in Ferret
To: ferrethealth@yahoogroups.com
Hi Susan,
I am so sorry your little one is so ill.=20
I found these references that may be of interest:
Vet Rec. 2008 Feb 9;162(6):180-4.
Clinical aspects of systemic granulomatous inflammatory syndrome in ferrets=
(Mustela putorius furo).
Perpi=F1=E1n D, L=F3pez C.
Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo, 3701 South 10th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68107, US=
A.
Abstract
Nine ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) were diagnosed with systemic granuloma=
tous inflammatory syndrome between 2005 and 2006. Common signs included dia=
rrhoea, lethargy, weight loss, and weakness in the hindlimbs. Pathological =
findings consisted of mesenteric lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hypergammag=
lobulinaemia and non-regenerative anaemia. The condition was progressive an=
d fatal in all the cases.
*************************
J Comp Pathol. 2008 Jan;138(1):54-8. Epub 2007 Dec 11.
Identification of group 1 coronavirus antigen in multisystemic granulomatou=
s lesions in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo).
Mart=EDnez J, Reinacher M, Perpi=F1=E1n D, Ramis A.
Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterin=E0ria, Unive=
rsitat Aut=F2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. jorge.martinez.martinez@u=
ab.es
Abstract
Tissues from nine ferrets with granulomatous lesions similar to those seen =
in feline infectious peritonitis were examined histopathologically and immu=
nohistochemically. Four main types of lesions were observed: diffuse granul=
omatous inflammation on serosal surfaces; granulomas with areas of necrosis=
; granulomas without necrosis; and granulomas with neutrophils. Other less =
commonly seen lesions were granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis and endogen=
ous lipid pneumonia. FCV3-70 monoclonal antibody produced immunolabelling o=
f group 1 coronavirus antigen in tissue samples from eight animals, the ant=
igen being present in the cytoplasm of macrophages in the different types o=
f granulomatous lesions.
*******************************************
Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2010 Sep;13(3):543-60.
Ferret coronavirus-associated diseases.
Murray J, Kiupel M, Maes RK.
Animal Clinic of Farmers Branch, 14021 Denton Drive, Dallas, TX 75234, USA.
Abstract
A novel coronavirus of ferrets was first described in 1993. This coronaviru=
s caused an enteric disease called epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE). Rec=
ently, a ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV)-associated disease was discove=
red. This new systemic disease resembles the dry form of feline infectious =
peritonitis (FIP) and has been reported in the United States and Europe. Th=
is article addresses the clinical signs, pathology, pathogenesis, diagnosis=
, treatment, and prevention of this ferret FIP-like disease.
***********************************************8
Vet Pathol 45:236=96246 (2008)
Clinicopathologic Features of a Systemic Coronavirus-Associated
Disease Resembling Feline Infectious Peritonitis in the Domestic
Ferret (Mustela putorius)
M. M. GARNER, K. RAMSELL, N. MORERA, C. JUAN-SALLE=B4 S, J. JIME=B4NEZ, M. =
ARDIACA, A. MONTESINOS,
J. P. TEIFKE, C. V. LO=A8 HR, J. F. EVERMANN, T. V. BASZLER, R. W. NORDHAUS=
EN, A. G. WISE, R. K. MAES,
AND M. KIUPEL
Northwest ZooPath, Monroe, WA (MMG); Southwest Animal Hospital, Beaverton, =
OR (KR);
ConZOOlting Wildlife Management, Samalu=A8 s, Spain (CJS); Washington Anima=
l Disease Diagnostic
Laboratory, Pullman, WA (JFE, TVB); Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Re=
search Institute for
Animal Health, Isle of Riems, Germany (JPT); Department of Biomedical Scien=
ces, College of
Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR (CVL); Californ=
ia Animal Heath and
Food Safety Laboratory, Davis, CA (RWN); and Diagnostic Center for Populati=
on and Animal Health,
Lansing, MI (AGW, RKM, MK)
Abstract.
>From 2002 to 2007, 23 ferrets from Europe and the United States were diagno=
sed with systemic pyogranulomatous inflammation resembling feline infectiou=
s peritonitis (FIP). The average age
at the time of diagnosis was 11 months. The disease was progressive in all =
cases, and average duration of clinical illness was 67 days. Common clinica=
l findings were anorexia, weight loss, diarrhea, and large, palpable intra-=
abdominal masses; less frequent findings included hind limb paresis, centra=
l nervous system signs, vomiting, and dyspnea. Frequent hematologic finding=
s were mild anemia, thrombocytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Grossly, =
whitish nodules were found in numerous tissues, most frequently the mesente=
ric adipose tissue and lymph nodes, visceral peritoneum, liver, kidneys, sp=
leen, and lungs. One ferret had a serous abdominal effusion. Microscopicall=
y, pyogranulomatous inflammation involved especially the visceral peritoneu=
m, mesenteric adipose tissue, liver, lungs, kidneys, lymph nodes, spleen, p=
ancreas, adrenal glands, and/or blood vessels. Immunohistochemically, all c=
ases were positive for coronavirus antigen using monoclonal antibody FIPV3-=
70. Electron
microscopic examination of inflammatory lesions identified particles with c=
oronavirus morphology in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Partial sequencing o=
f the coronavirus spike gene obtained from frozen
tissue indicates that the virus is related to ferret enteric coronavirus.
Excerpt from this last paper (p.239):
"...Mild nonregenerative anemia was noted in 11 ferrets on one occasion and=
in 6 ferrets on two occasions.... Additional abnormalities included elevat=
ions in serum lipase (3), blood urea
nitrogen (2), serum alanine transferase (2), alkaline
phosphatase (1), and serum gamma glutamyl transferase
(1)."
May be worth testing for this disease.
Tressie
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