From:
"Tressie"
Date: 2011-04-28 23:21:25 UTC
Subject: [ferrethealth] Re: "Gasping" and "gulping" sound
To: ferrethealth@yahoogroups.com
Artificial sweeteners are common ingredients in most pediatric and animal medications to make them more palatable. The alternative would be sugar type additives or truly unpalatable medication.
The gasping and gulping sounds were the primary clinical symptoms of the Marshall ferret in our area recently diagnosed with mycoplasmosis.
In terms of whether ferrets can get allergies, yes they can. Here is an abstract example of numerous studies that have been done with ferrets as animal models, in this case allergy induced asthma:
J Appl Physiol. 2007 Dec;103(6):2095-104. Epub 2007 Sep 13.
Allergic lung inflammation affects central noradrenergic control of cholinergic outflow to the airways in ferrets.
Wilson CG, Akhter S, Mayer CA, Kc P, Balan KV, Ernsberger P, Haxhiu MA.
SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106-6010, USA.
Abstract
Brain stem noradrenergic cell groups mediating autonomic responses to stress project to airway-related vagal preganglionic neurons (AVPNs). In ferrets, their activation produces withdrawal of cholinergic outflow to the airways via release of norepinephrine and activation of alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptors (alpha(2A)-AR) expressed by AVPNs. In these studies, we examined the effects of allergen exposure of the airway (AE) with ovalbumin on noradrenergic transmission regulating the activity of AVPNs and, consequently, airway smooth muscle tone. Experiments were performed in vehicle control (Con) and AE ferrets. Microperfusion of an alpha(2A)-AR agonist (guanabenz) in close proximity to AVPNs elicited more pronounced effects in Con than AE ferrets, including a decrease in unit activity and reflexly evoked responses of putative AVPN neurons with a corresponding decrease in cholinergic outflow to the airways. Although no differences were found in the extent of noradrenergic innervat
ion of the AVPNs, RT-PCR and Western blot studies demonstrated that AE and repeated exposure to antigen significantly reduced expression of alpha(2A)-ARs at message and protein levels. These findings indicate that, in an animal model of allergic asthma, sensitization and repeated challenges with a specific allergen diminish central inhibitory noradrenergic modulation of AVPNs, possibly via downregulation of alpha(2A)-AR expression by these neurons.
PMID: 17872402 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Free Article
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances, Grant SupportPublication
Tressie
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